GOG (1)  [Hebrew Gogh, of doubtful etymology].
    A Reubenite (1 Chron. v. 4).
    GOG (2)  [Hebrew Gogh; Lat. Gyges; Gr. Γύγης, forms of Gugh, a Lydian name].
    (1) "The prince of Rosh, Meshech, and Tubal" (Ezek. xxxviii. 2—R.V.), the chief prince of Meshech and Tubal (margin), who, invading the land of Israel, should be defeated on the mountains with immense slaughter (Ezek. xxxviii., xxxix.).  The name seems to have been derived from that of Gyges, the chief of a Lydian princely family called the Mermnadæ.  These (it is said about 700 B.C.) murdered the reigning sovereign of Lydia, who belonged to a rival house called the Heraclidæ, and placed Gyges on the throne.  He was celebrated by the Greeks for his wealth, and gained popularity by sending large donations to the temple of Apollo at Delphi.  He made war on the Greek cities in Asia Minor.  In his old age his country was invaded by an apparently Celtic horde called the Cimmerians, who came from the Crimea.  He defeated them in battle, capturing several of their chiefs.  But fearing a repetition of the invasion, he sent presents to Assur-bani-pal, the Assyrian emperor.  For a long time no one could be found who understood the Lydian language spoken by the ambassadors.  At length a man was obtained who comprehended what they said, and the friendship of Gyges was accepted.  It was only deceptive, for in a short time, Gyges aided Egypt in its revolt against the Assyrian ruler, who in retaliation stirred up the Cimmerians to a fresh invasion of Lydia, in which, about 662, Gyges was killed, leaving his son Ardys to ascend the throne.  The invasion of Israel mentioned by Ezekiel may have been in connection with Gog's expedition sent to help the Egyptians. [Gomer, Magog.] 
    (2)  A mystic personage, akin in character to the Gog of Ezekiel.  He was to appear immediately before the close of the present dispensation (Rev. xx. 8-15). (The Sunday School Teacher's Bible Manual, Hunter, 1894).